Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Paul loeffler. Sort by date Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Paul loeffler. Sort by date Show all posts

Monday, March 1, 2021

Selma Christina Loeffler & Family

Selma was the 6th daughter and the 9th child born to Paul Loeffler and Mina Neffendorf. She was born on 8 February 1887 in Mason. 

Brother Robert Henry was born on 14 August 1889.

Sister Lina Rosa (born 8 January 1872 in Fredericksburg, TX) married Heinrich Daniel Kothmann (born 29 May 1875) in 1890. He was the son of Heinrich Friedrich Kothmann and Sophie Anna Hartwig.

Maria, Selma's third elder sister married  Louis (Ludwig Heinrich) Wiessemann on 16 July 1891 (1). Louis' parents were Konrad Karl Wiessemann and Luise Spaeth.


Brother Alvin William was born on 29 July 1891 (2).

Sister Hulda Margarethe was born on 5 July 1894 (3). 

Another wedding in the family: on 5 August 1895, Emma Christine Maria (Selma's eldest sister born on 16 June 1870) became the wife of  Herman Standke (4). The marriage took place in Gillespie County, TX.

♦ Grievously, a few months later, baby girl Hulda passed on 3 November 1895. Selma was 7 then.

Albert Christian Loeffler (born 13 August 1876 (5)) was Selma's eldest brother. The family celebrated his wedding and marriage to Emma Louise Schmidt (born 3 October 1880 in Fredericksburg) in 1899. Emma was the daughter of Ludwig Heinrich Schmidt and Lisette Charlotte Henriette Lehmann.


1900 - the Census (5). Selma, parents, and sibling lived in Mason Township, Mason, TX. Paul Loeffler, the father, worked as a carpenter. The siblings of Selma were:

Emil (born 8 February 1881) worked as a day laborer,

Max Theodore (born 9 February 1883) worked as a clerk,

Bertha Katherine (born 2 March 1885 (6)), Robert, and Alvin.

Selma had another sister Ida Augusta born on 25 September 1878. Ida passed on 4 August 1881, years before Selma Christina came to this world. 


Little Selma completed her primary education at the Mason public school. In 1910, the girl and her family were registered during the Census. They lived in Justice Precinct #1, Mason, TX. Paul, the father, was a carpenter and had his own shop. Selma's brother Robert H worked as a carpenter as well. Another brother, Max T worked as a druggist, and Alvin W was a salesman (7).

Five years later, on 27 December 1906, brother Emil Adolph ♡ married Miss Emma Ruth Spicer (8). Her parents were Mr. James Spicer and Miss Ruth Nelson.

Later, young Selma studied at the Ballinger Training School for Nurses in Ballinger, Runnels, TX, which she graduated from in October 1914.

Clipping source: Sledge, A. W. The Daily Ledger. (Ballinger, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 237, Ed. 1 Saturday, October 3, 1914, newspaper, October 3, 1914; Ballinger, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1137663/: accessed February 26, 2021), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Carnegie Library of Ballinger

♦ Three years later, on 1 May 1917, Paul Friedrich Loeffler, Selma's father, died (9).

Paul Friedrich Loeffler was born in Cleebronn, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany on 9 June 1847, to parents Johann Martin Löffler and Johanne Christine Zitzelmann.  In 1854, he relocated to Texas together with his family.

 Paul was a cabinet maker and master carpenter. The man married Mina Neffendorf on 29 January 1870. At first, they lived in Fredericksburg, Gillespie County, Texas (10). Later, The couple moved to Mason County, Hilda community and then, to the town of Mason where Paul worked at Mr. R. Grosse's Lumber Yard. Paul Friedrich Loeffler was a member of the Methodist Church (11). He died of chronic gastritis at the age of 69.

Not long after that, on 5 June 1917, brother Alvin William was drafted. At that time, Alvin worked as a pharmacist for Mr. SE Serger in Seguin, Texas (12).

Private Alvin William Loeffler was assigned to Battalion E, 111 Field Artillery Regiment, Am E F (13). He married Miss Allie Mae Dockery in 1918 .

Bertha also married about in 1918 . Her spouse was Ben Frazier Neal, the son of Andrew Jackson Neal and Mary Talitha Alexander.


♦ Another death in the family. At the beginning of October 1918, brother Max Theodore (who was a pharmacist) got sick with pneumonia. The man passed after 7 days - on 8 October (14). Max left behind his wife Nellie Lemburg.

Then, a happier event came - brother Alvin William came back home from the war. He was honorably discharged on 23 May 1919 (15).

In the same year, on 27 September, the family had another celebration and merry gathering. That time it was brother Robert Henry who got married ♡. His sweetheart was Lillie Ola Jetton (born 17 January 1897 in Lavaca County, Texas). Robert's in-laws were Mr. Lewis Henson Jetton and Amelia Ann Farrar.


During all those years, after her graduation from the school for nurses, Selma worked as a registered nurse at the Medical Arts Hospital in Brownwood, TX, and other places in Brown County. The lady was especially dedicated to special duty nursing, she also cared for family members when there was such a need. She was a member of the Methodist Church. Selma also took part in all the family events and celebrations such as birthdays and weddings (however, that would be too much to mention them all here).

♦ 1928 - the family had a sad Christmas that year - Minna Neffendorf Loeffler, Selma's mother, passed on 21 December.

Minna (Wilhelmina) Neffendorf Loeffler was born on 21 December 1853 in Fredericksburg, TX to parents Jakob Neffendorf and Katherina Dietz. Jakob came to Texas  in 1845 on the vessel "Neptune". Mina Loffler died of apoplectic paralysis at the age of 74 (16).

Nurse Selma Christina Loeffler retired after 25 years of her professional career. In 1930, she still lived in Brown County. Selma rented a room at the Trachiseur's family. Her niece Lizzie, daughter of Albert Christian, also had a room there. Lizzie worked as a nurse as well (17).


At the end of the 1930s, she relocated to Junction where her siblings Emil, Robert, Alvin, and Bertha lived as well. Emil's wife Emma died in 1931. Selma moved into Emil's place. The Census record from 1940 contains an error. It states that Selma was Emil A's wife. Probably the clerk just assumed that they were a married couple. The two lived in Commissioner's Precinct #1, Junction, Kimble County, Texas (18).

For three years, Selma ran the Las Lomas Hotel in Junction. She was the hotel manager. In about 1948, the lady moved into her sister Bertha's place. Selma Christina Loeffler passed five years later on 14 July 1953 in Junction, Texas. 

Resources:

1.  "Texas Marriages, 1837-1973", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V2MM-HSP : 22 January 2020), Mary Loeffler in entry for Louis Wissemann, 1891.

2. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4L27-DKMM : 14 February 2020), Paul Loeffler in entry for Alwin Wilhelm Loeffler, 1891.

3. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4L27-X26Z : 14 February 2020), Paul Loeffler in entry for Hulda Margarethe Loeffler, 1894.

4. "Texas, County Marriage Index, 1837-1977," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FXSN-WJS : 17 January 2021), Hermann Standke and Emma Loeffler, 05 Aug 1895; citing Gillespie, Texas, United States, county courthouses, Texas; FHL microfilm 982,802.

5. "United States Census, 1900," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M3P2-V51 : accessed 27 February 2021), Selma Loefler in household of Paul Loefler, Mason Township Mason, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 53, sheet 9A, family 170, NARA microfilm publication T623 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1972.); FHL microfilm 1,241,658. 

6. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KS1X-L5D : 20 February 2021), Paul Loeffler in entry for Bertha K Loeffler Neal, 28 Nov 1968; citing certificate number 81468, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,137,191.

 7. "United States Census, 1910," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M2Q4-DBV : accessed 26 February 2021), Selma C Loeffler in household of Paul Loeffler, Justice Precinct 1, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 197, sheet 3B, family 84, NARA microfilm publication T624 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1982), roll 1576; FHL microfilm 1,375,589. 

8. "Texas Marriages, 1837-1973", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FXQ8-ZYG : 22 January 2020), Emil A. Loeffler, 1906.

9. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3WD-YJF : 20 February 2021), Paul Loeffler, 01 May 1917; citing certificate number 14105, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,051,857.

10. "United States Census, 1870", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXL5-52M : 2 January 2021), Paul Loeffler, 1870.

11. "Mason County Historical Book", Mason County Historical Society, Mason County Historical Commission, 1976.

12. "United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZXD-9RY : 23 February 2021), Alvin William Loeffler, 1917-1918.

13. Hering, Ed. Seguiner Zeitung. (Seguin, Tex.), Vol. 28, No. 10, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 24, 1918, newspaper, October 24, 1918; Seguin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth487448/: accessed February 27, 2021), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.

14. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3ZB-WR4 : 20 February 2021), Max Theodore Loeffler, 08 Oct 1918; citing certificate number 43114, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,073,349. 

15. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K37S-YWY : 20 February 2021), Minna Leoffler, 26 Nov 1928; citing certificate number 49178, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,114,662.

16. "United States, Veterans Administration Master Index, 1917-1940," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:71DD-MVPZ : 23 October 2019), Alvin William Loeffler, 23 Jun 1919; citing Military Service, NARA microfilm publication 76193916 (St. Louis: National Archives and Records Administration, 1985), various roll numbers. 

17. "United States Census, 1930," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:CQ6P-DT2 : accessed 28 February 2021), Lizzie L Laeffler in household of Reese M Trachiseur, Brownwood, Brown, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 2, sheet 16B, line 91, family 411, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 2302; FHL microfilm 2,342,036. 

18. "United States Census, 1940," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KW2N-BMC : 24 May 2020), Emil A Loeffler, Junction, Commissioner's Precinct 1, Kimble, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 134-1, sheet 22B, line 44, family 503, Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940, NARA digital publication T627. Records of the Bureau of the Census, 1790 - 2007, RG 29. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2012, roll 4087. 

  • "Families of Kimble County" Volume II 1998, Kimble County Historical Commission, South Llano Printing Company, Junction, Texas 
  • Findagrave.com






Monday, July 3, 2023

Emil Adolph Loeffler & Family

Emil Adolph Loeffler was born in Texas on 8 February 1881 to Paul Loeffler and Mina Neffenorf. Little Emil grew up in Hilda, Mason County.

On ♦ 3 November 1895, Emil's baby sister Hulda died at the age of 1.

1898 - Emil became a member of the Methodist Church in Hilda. In the same year, the man relocated to Port Lavaca where he worked in a hotel. The young man self-taught himself bookkeeping, English, and Spanish.

In 1900, 19-year-old Emil lived with his parents and 5 siblings in Mason, TX. Mr. Paul Loeffler was a carpenter, and Emil was a day laborer (1).


In the following years, Emil spent some time in San Antonio working as a bookkeeper and night clerk at the Mahncke Hotel.

27 December 1906, Emil married Miss Emma Ruth Spicer (2) who also had lived in San Antonio, working at the telephone company. Miss Spicer was born on 5 November 1877, in Brighton England to John Spicer and Ruth Nelson. The family came to Kerr County, TX in 1879.

Clipping source: The Daily Express. (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 363, Ed. 1 Saturday, December 29, 1906, newspaper, December 29, 1906; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth440978/: accessed July 3, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Abilene Library Consortium.

1907 - Emil and Emma moved to Junction, Kimble, TX and Emil took up a position at A J Hamer Company.

In the same year, on 1 October, the couple's first son Louis Athol was born.
3 February 1910, their second son Reuben Spicer was born.

 January 1911

Newspaper clipping: Briggs, George Waverley. The Austin Statesman. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 42, No. 15, Ed. 1 Sunday, January 15, 1911, newspaper, January 15, 1911; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1533394/: accessed July 1, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .

A few months later, on 31 April, a census clerk recorded Emil and his family in Junction, Justin Precinct #1. Emil's profession was given as a bookkeeper then (3).


1911, Mr. Emil Loeffler was a co-founder of the Junction Hardware Company. The next year, brought another enterprise which Emil was part of. The Loeffler Motor Company (Ford agency) came into being. Emil Loeffler was president and general manager of both businesses.

1914 - E. Loeffler was one of the organizers of the local Chamber of Commerce and was its president as well.

1916, the First National Bank was opened in Junction. Mr. E. Loeffler was its president.

Clipping source: The Junction Eagle (Junction, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 39, Ed. 1 Friday, January 21, 1921, newspaper, January 21, 1921; Junction, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth801077/: accessed July 1, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu;.  


♦ 1 May 1917 - Paul Friedrich Loeffler, Emil's father, died in Mason.

12 September 1918, Military Draft Registration took place (4).


On ♦ 8 October 1918, Emil's brother Max Theodore died of pneumonia at the age of 35 (5).

3 January 1920, Emil was recorded as a boarder at Mr. Joe Fritz's place, Justice Precinct #1, Kimble County (6).

 

Clipping source: Perry, H. Grady. Junction Eagle (Junction, Tex.), Vol. 38, No. 42, Ed. 1 Friday, February 10, 1922, newspaper, February 10, 1922; Junction, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth890509/: accessed July 1, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .

Later, it was Reuben Spicer Loeffler who graduated as valedictorian from Alpine High School.

1926, together with a business associate, Emil built a hotel in Junction.

Newspaper clipping: The Austin Statesman (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 55, No. 317, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 27, 1926, newspaper, May 27, 1926; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1445254/: accessed July 3, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .

1928, Mr. Loeffler was involved in the works of the local Rotary Club (being its charter member). Later, was elected its president and also worked as a school trustee.

♦ 26 November 1928 - Emil's mother Mina Loeffler passed.

1930 census - Emil Loeffler (age 49), Emma (age 52), Louis A (age 22), Reuben S (age 20) lived in Junction. Emil's profession appears in the record as manager of a Hardware Store. Louis worked as a bookkeeper at the store (7).

1931/33 - Emil Loeffler was elected mayor of Junction.

Clipping source: Williamson, J. T. Coleman Democrat-Voice (Coleman, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 23, 1931, newspaper, April 23, 1931; Coleman, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth747610/: accessed July 1, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Coleman Public Library.


♦ 26 August 1932 - Emma, Emil's wife, died of pneumonia.

Clipping source: White, James C. Brownwood Bulletin (Brownwood, Tex.), Vol. 31, No. 268, Ed. 1 Tuesday, August 25, 1931, newspaper, August 25, 1931; Brownwood, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1023950/: accessed July 1, 2023), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Brownwood Public Library.


2 June 1932 - 22-year-old Reuben married 16-year-old Miss Jewel Riley in Eddy, New Mexico (8).
Louis married Kate Ellen Lewis in the same year.

1935 - Mr. Loeffler was on the board of directors of the Junction National Bank which was opened that year.

♦ 18 November 1938 - another sibling of Emil, his sister Emma Christina Standtke, died in Art.

1940 - the census record shows that Emil's sister Selma had lived in his household as well (9).



1947 - Emil Loeffler retired after an active professional career and 35 years of serving as president of the hardware store and the Motor Company. At his retirement, Mr. Loeffler divided his business shares between his brothers Robert and Alvin William (who had been Emil's associates), and the two sons Reuben and Louis.

18 April 1950 - census again. Emil (age 69) was then a roomer (since 1949) at the place of Mr. Coke R Stevenson, a rancher in Kimble County (10).

♦ 24 July 1953 - Selma Loeffler, Emil's sister, died (11).

♦ 17 June 1956 - another sister of Emil's, 84-year-old Lina Rosa Kothmann passed away in Mason County (12).

♦ 14 June 1962 - Emil Loeffler came to the end of his life journey. He passed away in the Junction Kimble Hospital (13) and then was buried in Junction Cemetery.



Read about Emil's parents here.

 Sources:

  • "Families of Kimble County" Volume II 1998, Kimble County Historical Commission, South Llano Printing Company, Junction, Texas 
  • Findagrave.com

1. "United States Census, 1900", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M3P2-V5T : 14 January 2022), Emil Loefler in entry for Paul Loefler, 1900.
2. "Texas, County Marriage Index, 1837-1977," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QLMM-5Z62 : 28 November 2018), Emil A Loeffler and Emma R Spicer, 27 Dec 1906; citing Kerr, Texas, United States, county courthouses, Texas; FHL microfilm .
3. "United States Census, 1910," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M23R-32C : accessed 27 June 2023), Emil A Loeffler, Justice Precinct 1, Kimble, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 148, sheet 4A, family 70, NARA microfilm publication T624 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1982), roll 1570; FHL microfilm 1,375,583.
4. "United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZXV-P3L : 23 December 2021), Emil Adolph Loeffler, 1917-1918.
"United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZXV-P3L : 23 December 2021), Emil Adolph Loeffler, 1917-1918.
6. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3ZB-WR4 : 5 April 2023), Max Theodore Loeffler, 1918.
"United States Census, 1920", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MCSC-76M : 3 February 2021), Emil A Loefler, 1920.
7. "United States Census, 1930," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:CSP5-DPZ : accessed 30 June 2023), Emil A Lorffler, Junction, Kimble, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 1, sheet 11B, line 51, family 255, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 2367; FHL microfilm 2,342,101.
8. "United States Western States Marriage Index", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XZFC-YV4 : 19 October 2018), Reuben S. Loeffler and Jewel Riley, 1932.
9. "United States Census, 1940", database with images, FamilySearch (ark:/61903/1:1:KW2N-BMC : Sat Jun 10 00:11:46 UTC 2023), Entry for Emil A Loeffler and Selma Loeffler, 1940.
10. "United States 1950 Census", database, FamilySearch (ark:/61903/1:1:6XP9-RY2V : Mon Jan 30 01:11:34 UTC 2023), Entry for Earl G Hill and Minnie B Hill, 18 April 1950.
11. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K377-72P: 6 April 2023), Selma Loeffler, 1953.
12. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3QN-5MZ: 6 April 2023), Lina Rose Kothmann, 1956.
13. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KSBZ-FQ8: 5 April 2023), Emil Adolf Loeffler, 1962. 

Photos: July/August 2020

Wednesday, February 10, 2021

Johann Martin Loeffler

Considering the meaning of the surname Löffler/Loeffler, while browsing the Internet, I have come across an explanation that the name is related to the word "spoon" (Löffel). According to that Löffler would mean a spoon trader/maker or just a spooner. However, there is a much nicer clarification of Löffler. It is the German word for "Eurasian spoonbill" - a pretty bird of the ibis and spoonbill family.

Eurasian spoonbill

 

Johann Martin Loeffler was born on 25 December 1818 in Cleebronn, Heilbronn, Baden-Württemberg, southern Germany. His parents were Johann Jakob and Katharina Margarita Loeffler.

Johann Martin, a cabinetmaker, got married when he was 25. On 11 February, his second wife became Johanna Christiana Zizelmann (b. 14 January 1822), who was the daughter of Phillip Christian Zitzelmann (1793/1872) and Anna Elizabeth Kranich (1793/1867).

Two children were born to the young couple (2,3) - Paul Friedrich  (b. 9 June 1847) and Rosine C (b. 5 February 1850). In 1844 the family of Johann Martin and Johanna Christiana came to Texas, Fredericksburg area.

On 9 December 1854, their son Christian Friedrich was born. Johanna Christiana died about a year later, on 1 January 1856.

On 25 November 1859 (4), Johann, the father of three young children, remarried. His spouse was Mrs. Juliane Stalp nee Jung (b. 3 March 1822), widow of Herr Heinrich W. Stalp. The marriage license was issued two days earlier.

 

Juliane had a daughter Sabine (b. 9 January 1850). The family moved in to the home on town lot #150 located on Main Street in Fredericksburg which Johann had bought in 1859. Two children were born there to Johann Martin and Juliane: Carolina - came to this world on 8 December 1860, and Gustav Adolph - born on 14 November 1862 (5).


5 April 1865 - marriage in the family: Sabine united in the holy matrimony with August Hoffman (6). You can read more about them and their children in the post "Life of August Hoffmann".

In 1867 Johann Martin Loeffler purchased also lot #149 on the same street. A room was added to the house then. The three sons of Johann Martin's moved to Mason County.

Paul married Menia (Minna) Neffendorf (b. 21 December 1853) on 29 January 1870 (7).  She was the daughter of Jakob Neffendorf and Catherina Dietz.

Rosine Loeffel, Johann Martin's eldest daughter, married Mr. John Alexander on 12 April 1875 in Bexar, Texas (8).


Christian married Mary Geistweidt in 1878.

Caroline married Karl (J Charles) Weber on 2 November 1881 (9). Karl's parents were Johann Jakob Weber and Mathilde Christina Schlaudt.

Gustav Adolph's spouse was Miss Emma Eckert. They married in 1883.


The family mourned the passing of Sabine, the daughter, sister, mother, and wife, on 20 June 1890.

Johann Martin Loeffler died on 23 January 1891, his wife Juliane lived only a few months longer. She died on 6 November in the same year.

Johann Martin's grave - the Old City Cemetery, Fredericksburg, TX.



Resources:

1. Eurasian spoonbill photo: Andreas Trepte, CC BY-SA 2.5 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5>, via Wikimedia Commons

2. Findagrave.com

3. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3CB-924 : 13 March 2018), Martin Loeffler in entry for Rosine C Alexander, 20 Jul 1924; citing certificate number 22167, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,113,625.

4. "Texas, County Marriage Index, 1837-1977," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VXGC-L38 : 17 January 2021), Johann Martin Loeffler and Julianna Stalp, 25 Nov 1859; citing Gillespie, Texas, United States, county courthouses, Texas; FHL microfilm 982,801.

5. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K33S-93V : 13 March 2018), Gustav Adolf Loeffler, 18 Nov 1930; citing certificate number 54506, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,135,428.

6. "Texas Marriages, 1837-1973", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FX7X-C28 : 22 January 2020), Sabina Stalp in entry for August Hoffmann, 1865.

7. "Texas, County Marriage Records, 1837-1965," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV14-38XW : 7 December 2020), George Alexander and Rosa C Loeffler, 12 Apr 1875; citing Marriage, citing Bexar, Texas, United States, Texas State Library, Archives Division, and various Texas county clerks; FHL microfilm 24,920.

8. "Texas, County Marriage Index, 1837-1977," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VXGC-VV9 : 17 January 2021), Paul Loeffler and Menia Neffendorf, 29 Jan 1870; citing Gillespie, Texas, United States, county courthouses, Texas; FHL microfilm 982,80

9. "Texas, County Marriage Index, 1837-1977," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QK8T-9J9K : 22 December 2016), J. Carl Weber and W. Caroline Loeffler, 02 Nov 1881; citing , Gillespie, Texas, United States, county courthouses, Texas; FHL microfilm 982,802. 

Findagrave.com






Tuesday, November 16, 2021

Christian Friedrich Loeffler

Christian Friedrich came to this world on 9 December 1854 in Comal County, TX. His father Johann Martin was a farmer, his mother Johanna Christiana passed on 1 January 1856.

Since then, until the day when Johann Martin Loeffler married again (25 November 1859), little Christian was taken care of by Mrs. Christian Schlaudt. The boy grew up in Fredericksburg.

In 1860, he lived with his father, stepmother Juliane, and siblings in Fredericksburg, Precinct No. 2, Gillespie County. The siblings were Paul (age 13), Rosina (age 10), and stepsisters Auguste (age 13), and Sabine (age 10) Stalp (1).

When Christian got older, he moved to the Mason County area. In 1878 (2), Christian married Miss Maria Geistweidt, who was the eldest child of Wilhelm and Anna Elizabeth (Rohring) Geistweidt. Maria was born exactly a year later than her spouse, on 9 December 1855 in Fredericksburg and she lived with her family by Beaver Creek (Hilda Community).


The wedding ceremony took place in the Geistweidts' home.  When the couple moved to Hilda, they joined St. Paul's Lutheran Church.

26 February 1879 - son Frank Adolph Heinrich was born (3).

Census June 1880. At that time Christian, Marie, and their baby Frank lived in Justice Precinct #4, Mason County. The family had two borders/hired hands - 22-year-old Henry Geistweidt (who was Marie's brother) and 40-year-old Louis Mund (4).

12 November 1880 - daughter Ida Elizabeth was born. Grievously, the girl died on 5 March 1882.

11 August 1883 - daughter Maria Olga was born (5).

In the very same year, Christian and Marie became members of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Beaver Creek (Hilda Community). Christian built rock fences and pens in the area. The man ranched, grew cotton which he hauled to Fredericksburg. Occasionally, he also carried mail (with his cotton haul) from Loyal Valley.


28 April 1886 - son Edwin August was born (6).

2 February 1888 son Karl Daniel was born in Hilda, Mason County. (7)

10 August 1890 - son Wilhelm Elias was born (8).

Mourning time came back on 10 July 1892 - Christian and Marie's 8-year-old Olga died.

8 July 1893 - daughter Hulda Emma was born in Hilda. She died a few days later on 14 July (9).

15 November 1895 - son Johann Willy was born (10).

Census 1900 - the family still lived in Justice Precinct #4. The oldest son Frank was 21, and he worked as a farm laborer (11).


In 1903, Christian and Marie moved to another location. They had sold their homestead to Frank.

23 June 1904, Frank Henry married Miss Cornelie Ernestine Pluenneke (born on 9 February 1882), the daughter of Heinrich Konrad Plurnneke Jr. and his wife Karoline Henriette Wiessemann. Frank and Nellie had 5 children.

Karl Daniel got married on 23 March 1910 in Doss. His wife was Miss Meta Itz (born on 8 January 1892). They had 4 children. 

A month later, on 28 April, a census clerk by the name SC Brockman came to Christian's home. The official registered the head of the family, 31-year-old then Christian F, his wife Mary, and two sons 19-year-old Ely (Wilhelm Elias) and 14-year-old Willie (Johann Willy) in Justice Precinct #3, Mason, TX. Christian and Marie's oldest son lived with his wife Nellie and their kids Ben, Earl, and Lolita not far from the parents' house (12).


Edwin August married Miss Ida Amelia Brandenberger on 1 January 1913. She was born on 25 August 1890 to James Brandenberger and Martha Leifeste. Edwin and Ida had 5 children.

The next son whose wedding the family celebrated on 23 May 1917 was Wilhelm "Lee". He was married to Jennie Mae Gipson (born on 13 September 1895 in Quitman, TX, to Beck Gipson and Emma Mayberry). The two had 3 children.

5 June 1917 - WW1 Military Draft registration day for Karl Daniel (13), (14) Johann Willy (Will John), and (15) Wilhelm Elias (Lee Will).

 

23 July 1918, Johann Willy was inducted into the Army. Lee Will was called by the Military about a month later, on 5 September. At first, both brothers served with 165th Department Brigade. Then, Johan Willy was assigned to Battery E 126th Field Artillery. He was sent overseas on 24 September 1918 where he was with his military unit until 5 January 1919. Private Johann Willy Loeffler was honorably discharged a month later, on 4 February (16, 17).

Lee was with 165th Department Brigade a bit longer than his brother, until 5 November 1918. After that, he served with the Quartermaster Corps at Camp Johnston in Florida. The man was honorably discharged on 2 January 1919 (18, 19).



12 September 1918 - Frank Adolph Henry (20) and Edwin August (21) were registered by the Army.

 

Census 1920 - only the youngest son, 23-year-old  Willy lived with the parents Christian and Marie Loeffler. The young man was a farmhand, the father of the family was registered as a stock farmer (22).


Two years later, on 22 February, Johann Willy was married to Hilda Alma Anna Eckert. She was born on 23 August 1895 to Wilhelm Philipp Eckert and Christiana Lemberg. Johann and Hilda had 2 children.

In May of 1928, Christian Friedrich and Marie Loeffler celebrated their golden wedding anniversary.

Christian and Marie moved three times. Census 1930 found them in Justice Precinct #7 of Mason County. They lived at the home of their 35-year-old son Willy, with Alma, daughter-in-law, and the grandchildren William P (age 5), and Myrtle Mae (age 2). Christian was 75, Marie 74 (23).

On 27 January 1934, Marie Loeffler was granted lifetime membership of the Women's Society of Christ Service.

Christian Fritz Loeffler lived 80 years 10 months and 25 days. He died of apoplexy on ♦  4 November 1935 (24). 

Clipping source: The Llano News. (Llano, Tex.), Vol. 47, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 14, 1935, newspaper, November 14, 1935; Llano, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth824033/: accessed November 20, 2021), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Llano County Public Library.

Marie Loeffler passed on 5 February 1946. She lived 90 years 10 months and 27 days (25). The couple was buried at the Hilda Cemetery in Mason County.


 

Resources:

"Our Loeffler Family 1854-1979. One Hundred Twenty-Five Years in Texas", Ruby Neal Sorrels, 1979,

"Mason County Historical Book", Mason County Historical Society, Mason County Historical Commission, 1976.

1. "United States Census, 1860", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXFX-G1X : 18 February 2021), Christian Laeffler in entry for John Laeffler, 1860.

2. Mason County marriages

3. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3F9-K6X : 20 February 2021), Frank H Loeffler, 13 Mar 1967; citing certificate number 18777, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,138,495. 

4. "United States Census, 1880," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFJ9-MYS : 20 February 2021), Christian Loeffler, Precinct 4, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district ED 104, sheet 499D, NARA microfilm publication T9 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), FHL microfilm 1,255,319.

5. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4L2Q-RK6Z : 14 February 2020), Chr. Loffler in entry for Maria Olga Loffler, 1883.

6. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4L2Q-TQMM : 14 February 2020), Christian Loffler in entry for Edwin August Loffler, 1886.

7. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4L2Q-LMT2 : 14 February 2020), Christian Loeffler in entry for Karl Daniel Loeffler, 1888.

8. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4LGH-7GN2 : 14 February 2020), Christian Loeffler in entry for Wilhelm Elias Loeffler, 1890.

9. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4L2Q-GR6Z : 14 February 2020), Christian Loeffler in entry for Hulda Emma Loeffler, 1893.

10. "Texas Births and Christenings, 1840-1981", database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:4L27-48W2 : 14 February 2020), Christian Loffler in entry for Johann Willy Loffler, 1895 

11. "United States Census, 1900," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M3PK-69P : accessed 14 November 2021), Christian Loefler, Justice Precinct 6, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) 52, sheet 7A, family 75, NARA microfilm publication T623 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1972.); FHL microfilm 1,241,658.

12.  "United States Census, 1910," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M2Q4-6JT : accessed 14 November 2021), Christian F Loefler, Justice Precinct 3, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 203, sheet 4A, family 48, NARA microfilm publication T624 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1982), roll 1576; FHL microfilm 1,375,589. 

13. "United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZX2-Y69 : 23 February 2021), Dan Charles Loeffler, 1917-1918.

14. "United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZX2-Y6H : 23 February 2021), Will John Loeffler, 1917-1918.

15. "United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZX2-Y6Q : 23 February 2021), Lee Will Loeffler, 1917-1918.

16. "Texas, World War I Records, 1917-1920," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV18-X5Z1 : 9 March 2021), Will John Loeffler, 23 Jul 1918; citing Military Service, Mason, , Texas, United States, Texas Military Forces Museum, Austin

17. "United States, Veterans Administration Master Index, 1917-1940," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:71N8-6D3Z : 23 October 2019), Will John Loeffler, 4 Feb 1919; citing Military Service, NARA microfilm publication 76193916 (St. Louis: National Archives and Records Administration, 1985), various roll numbers.

18. "Texas, World War I Records, 1917-1920," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QV18-X5ZB : 9 March 2021), Lee Will Loeffler, 05 Sep 1918; citing Military Service, Mason, , Texas, United States, Texas Military Forces Museum, Austin.

19. "United States, Veterans Administration Master Index, 1917-1940," database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:71DX-KSN2 : 23 October 2019), Lee Will Loeffler, 2 Jan 1919; citing Military Service, NARA microfilm publication 76193916 (St. Louis: National Archives and Records Administration, 1985), various roll numbers.

20. "United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZX2-Y6S : 23 February 2021), Frank Adolph Henry Loeffler, 1917-1918.

21. "United States World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918", database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KZX2-Y6M : 23 February 2021), Edwin August Loeffler, 1917-1918.

22. "United States Census, 1920," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MHBQ-ZG6 : accessed 14 November 2021), Christian F Loeffler, Mason, Texas, United States; citing , sheet , line , family , NARA microfilm publication T625 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1992), roll ; FHL microfilm .

23. "United States Census, 1930," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HXRV-RZM : accessed 14 November 2021), Christian Loeffler in household of William Loeffler, Precinct 7, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 8, sheet 5B, line 84, family 114, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 2375; FHL microfilm 2,342,109. 

24. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3HF-3L6 : 20 February 2021), Christian Loeffler, 04 Nov 1935; citing certificate number 52816, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,116,707. 

25. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3HF-3L6 : 20 February 2021), Christian Loeffler, 04 Nov 1935; citing certificate number 52816, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,116,707.


Saturday, July 9, 2022

Gustav Adolph Loeffler & Family

Gustav Adolph Loeffler was the youngest son of Johann Martin Loeffler and his second wife Julianna Ziezelmann, born in Fredericksburg on 14 November 1862.

On 11 June 1870, young Adolph, his parents, and siblings (Christian, age 15, and Caroline, age 7) were recorded during the Census. The boy's father was then a joiner (1). The online dictionary (Oxford Languages) gives a definition of who a joiner was: "a person who constructs the wooden components of a building, such as stairs, doors, and door and window frames". 

 

Young Adolf received little formal schooling as he was needed at home.

Adolph's mother grew vegetables in their family garden. The boy sold them to the neighbors, going on a wagon from door to door. The money supported the family income.

Later, when he was 14, Gustav Adolph found employment at the farm which belonged to Mr. Fritz Brandenberger. The money Gustav Adolph earned there supported his family as well.

By June 1880, Adolph lived in the household of Mr. Brandenberger in Justice Precinct #4, Mason County (2).


Three years later, on 18 September, 20-year-old Adolph married Miss Emma Eckert, the 22-year-old daughter of Karl Friedrich Eckert and Eva Christina Guthoerle. The girl was born on 5 April 1861 in Hilda, Texas.
When a child, Emma attended the local grammar school only for three months.

Karl Eckert gave the newlyweds some land and Adolph built a house there. Soon, children were born to the young couple:

Herman Karl Johann 20 October 1884 (3),
Otto Ludwig 16 March 1888 (4),
Meta Marie 14 November 1890 (5).

1891 - death of Adolf's father (in January) and mother (in November).

Daughter Anna Christine was born on 11 October 1894, and Walter Gustav on 21 September 1899 (6). All the children were born at home (with the help of Emma's mother).

Adolf and his family were of Lutheran faith, and they all attended the Sunday church service very regularly. The family had a Sunday house in Mason where they spent Christmas, among others.

When Emma's parents reached elderly age, Adolf + family moved in (1899) to Mr. and Mrs. Eckert's home to help and take care of them.


1900 - they all were registered by a census clerk Louis J Kettner in Justice Precinct #6, Mason County, TX. Karl Eckert was 77 then, his wife Christine 76 (7).

1905 - Adolph Loeffler was a member of the committee which was responsible for the construction of the new church in Mason. During that time, on Mondays, he left his home on a chuck wagon and spent the weekdays at the construction site, hauling rocks and working there.

23 April 1910 - the census found the family in Justice Precinct #3, Mason County. Adolph was the head of the family, and the Eckert grandparents/in-laws also lived in the household (8).



Three years later, on 2 February, Emma's father died.

The year 1914 brought two weddings of Adolph and Emma's children

Herman married Martha Kroll (born on 1 December 1889 in Blanco County), the daughter of Karl Ludwig Kroll and Bertha Mueller.

Otto married 5-years-younger Mary Ziriax (born on 19 September 1893). She was the child of William Ziriax and Catherine Wartenbach. The Ziriax family lived in the Mason County area as well.

1916 - Metta Loeffler married Seth Paul H Martin (born on 11 February 1889 to Karl Louis Martin and Ida Reichenau). The young man was 2 years older than Martha.
 


25 June 1917 - the death of Emma's mother, Catherine Eckert.

1920 - only 25-year-old Anna lived with her parents, Adolph and Emma, at their family home (10).

In the same year, Adolph bought a car, and a year later, a new house was built in Mason.

Anna married her brother-in-law Paul Henry Martin (age 32 then) in 1922. Since then, Adolf and Emma lived on their own.
Mrs. Loeffler taught herself English, read books, and copied recipes into her recipe book. She also enjoyed knitting, growing flowers, and making lace.



1930 - recorded Adolph and Emma (9) in the South of Justice Precinct #1 (the town of Mason).

Gustav Adolf Loeffler took care of his ranch business and of his livestock until the day when he suffered a stroke. The man died two days later, on 18 November 1930. He was 68 years old.

His wife Emma lived two years longer, she died on 11 July 1932. Both spouses were buried in the Gooch Cemetery in Mason, TX.


Sources:

  • "Mason County Historical Book", Mason County Historical Society, Mason County Historical Commission, 1976.
  • "The Eckert's Golden Opportunity" by Julius E DeVos, Mason, TX, 1977,
  • "The Eckert Record. Story of Georg Bernhardt Eckert and his descendants 1793-1957" by Mrs. Estella Hartmann Orrison, San Angelo, Texas, 1957.
  • Mason County Marriages

1. "United States Census, 1870", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MXL5-6RB : 29 May 2021), Adolph Loeffler in entry for J M Loeffler, 1870.
2. "United States Census, 1880," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MFJM-BVT : 15 January 2022), Adolph Loeffler in household of Fritz Brandenberger, Justice Precinct 4, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district , sheet , NARA microfilm publication T9 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), FHL microfilm .
3. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K33H-KJ4 : 20 February 2021), Adolph Loeffler in entry for Herman Carl John Loeffler, 11 Apr 1957; citing certificate number 21608, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,135,700.
4. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K7D9-3NS : 20 February 2021), Adolph Loeffler in entry for Otto Louis Loeffler, 09 Jan 1964; citing certificate number 04933, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,117,404.
5. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K3C5-4CZ : 20 February 2021), G A Loeffler in entry for Meta Marie Martin, 23 Oct 1951; citing certificate number 50290, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,074,868.
6. "Texas Deaths, 1890-1976," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K38J-3QL : 20 February 2021), Adolph Loeffler in entry for Walter G Loeffler, 15 May 1973; citing certificate number 41635, State Registrar Office, Austin; FHL microfilm 2,242,784.
7. "United States Census, 1900", database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M3PK-63L : 14 January 2022), Adolph G Loefler in entry for Charles Eckert, 1900.
8. "United States Census, 1910," database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M2QH-DZH : accessed 7 July 2022), Adolph G Loefler, Justice Precinct 3, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 203, sheet 3A, family 34, NARA microfilm publication T624 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1982), roll 1576; FHL microfilm 1,375,589.
9. "United States Census, 1920," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MHBQ-VPK : accessed 7 July 2022), Adolph Loeffler, Mason, Texas, United States; citing , sheet , line , family , NARA microfilm publication T625 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1992), roll ; FHL microfilm .
10. "United States Census, 1930," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:HXTY-NW2 : accessed 7 July 2022), G A Loeffler, Precinct 1, Mason, Texas, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 2, sheet 4B, line 95, family 101, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 2375; FHL microfilm 2,342,109.

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Photos included in the post were taken on 29 July 2020.